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2,2-Dibromo-2-Nitro-Ethanol(DBNE)CAS:69094-18-4 Preservatives and bactericides, and water treatment agents
| Lieu d'origine | Chine |
|---|---|
| Nom de marque | HOYOSHEE |
| Certification | ISO9001 |
| Numéro de modèle | HYX-18-4 |
| Quantité de commande min | Négociation |
| Prix | Négociable |
| Détails d'emballage | 25KG/Bag ou tambour en plastique de 25KG |
| Délai de livraison | 5-8 jours |
| Conditions de paiement | LC, D/A, D/P, T/T, Western Union |
| Capacité d'approvisionnement | 500 tonnes / mois |
Détails sur le produit
Description de produit
2,2-Dibromo-2-Nitro-Ethanol(DBNE)CAS:69094-18-4
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| chemical name | 2,2-Dibromo-2-nitroethanol |
| chemical synonym | Dibromo-2-nitroethanol;DBNE95%solution;DBNE30%solution;DBNE76%solution;2-methyl-4,5-dihydrooxazole-4-carboxylicaciChemicalbookdethylester;DBNE(2,2-DibroMo-2-Nitroethanol);DBNE(2,2-DibroMo-2-Nitroethanol)95%solution;2,2-dibromo-2-nitro-ethano |
| CAS | 69094-18-4 |
| EINECS No. | 412-380-9 |
| form | oil |
| color | yellow |
USE
Used as a water treatment agent for industrial circulating water, industrial cooling water, bactericidal and algaecide agents, etc
Physical and Chemical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White to off-white crystalline powder or flakes |
| Odor | Slight characteristic odor |
| Melting Point | 122–130 °C (decomposes) |
| Boiling Point | Decomposes before boiling |
| Density | 2.0–2.2 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in Water | Highly soluble (~250–280 g/L at 25°C) |
| Solubility | Soluble in alcohols, glycols, and polar organic solvents; slightly soluble in non-polar solvents |
| Log P (octanol-water) | 1.08–1.15 (moderately lipophilic) |
| pH Stability | Stable in pH 4–8; degrades in strongly acidic or alkaline conditions |
| Vapor Pressure | Very low (<0.001 mmHg at 25°C) |
| Storage | Store in cool, dry place; protect from light and moisture; stable for 2–3 years under proper conditions |
Chemical Reactivity
DBNE is chemically reactive and:
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Hydrolyzes under alkaline conditions (pH > 8), releasing formaldehyde and bromide ions
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Decomposes at elevated temperatures (>130°C) with evolution of nitrogen oxides and hydrogen bromide
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Reacts with reducing agents and strong oxidizing agents
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Compatible with most non-ionic and anionic surfactants; may be deactivated by thiol-containing compounds
Mechanism of Action
2,2-Dibromo-2-nitroethanol acts through a dual mechanism that makes it particularly effective as a preservative:
Oxidative Stress Mechanism
The compound releases formaldehyde (in aqueous solutions), which cross-links microbial proteins and nucleic acids, leading to cell death.
Thiol Group Reactivity
The nitro and bromo groups react with essential thiol (-SH) groups in microbial enzymes, irreversibly inhibiting:
-
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
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Other key metabolic enzymes
This dual action provides broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and reduces the likelihood of resistance development.
Antimicrobial Spectrum
| Microorganism Type | Efficacy |
|---|---|
| Gram-positive bacteria | High (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) |
| Gram-negative bacteria | Excellent (especially effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa) |
| Fungi | Moderate to high (e.g., Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans) |
| Yeasts | High |
| Algae | Moderate |
DBNE is particularly effective against Pseudomonas species, which are common contaminants in industrial systems and are often resistant to other preservatives.
Applications
1. Industrial Water Treatment
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Cooling water systems
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Oilfield injection water
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Paper mill process water
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Reverse osmosis membrane preservation
Typical dosage: 10–100 mg/L
2. Metalworking Fluids
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Cutting fluids, grinding fluids
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Hydraulic fluids
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Industrial lubricants
Typical concentration: 0.1–0.5% (1,000–5,000 ppm)
3. Paints and Coatings
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Latex paints
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Waterborne industrial coatings
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Polymer emulsions
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Adhesives and sealants
Typical concentration: 0.05–0.2% (500–2,000 ppm)
4. Oil and Gas Industry
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Hydraulic fracturing fluids
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Drilling muds
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Production chemicals
Typical dosage: 50–500 mg/L
5. Personal Care and Cosmetics
Used as a preservative in rinse-off products:
| Region | Regulatory Status |
|---|---|
| EU | Permitted in rinse-off cosmetics up to 0.1% (1000 ppm) |
| US | FDA allows up to 0.1% in cosmetics |
| China | Permitted within specified limits |
| Japan | Permitted within specified limits |
Typical applications: Shampoos, conditioners, liquid soaps, shower gels
6. Household Products
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Liquid detergents
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Fabric softeners
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All-purpose cleaners
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Dishwashing liquids
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Wet wipes
7. Pharmaceutical Applications
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Preservative in topical formulations
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Antimicrobial agent in some pharmaceutical preparations
8. Leather and Textile Processing
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Preservation of leather tanning solutions
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Textile finishing baths
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Anti-microbial treatment of fabrics
Safety and Toxicology
Human Health Hazards
| Hazard Type | Classification | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Acute Toxicity (Oral) | Category 4 | LD50 (rat): 300–500 mg/kg |
| Acute Toxicity (Dermal) | Category 4 | LD50 (rabbit): >2000 mg/kg |
| Skin Irritation | Category 2 | Causes mild to moderate irritation |
| Eye Irritation | Category 1 | Causes serious eye damage |
| Skin Sensitization | Category 1 | Potential contact allergen; less potent than isothiazolinones |
| Specific Target Organ Toxicity | Category 3 | May cause respiratory irritation |
Toxicological Data
| Endpoint | Value |
|---|---|
| Oral LD50 (rat) | 300–500 mg/kg |
| Dermal LD50 (rabbit) | >2000 mg/kg |
| Inhalation LC50 (rat) | >2.5 mg/L (4h) |
| Eye Irritation | Severe (causes corneal damage) |
| Skin Sensitization | Moderate sensitizer (EC3: 0.5–1.5% in LLNA) |
| NOAEL (oral, rat) | 20–40 mg/kg/day |
Ecotoxicity
| Endpoint | Value |
|---|---|
| Fish (LC50) | 1.0–2.5 mg/L (96h) |
| Daphnia magna (EC50) | 0.5–1.0 mg/L (48h) |
| Algae (EC50) | 0.2–0.8 mg/L (72h) |
| Biodegradability | Readily biodegradable (OECD 301) |
Regulatory Classifications
| System | Classification |
|---|---|
| GHS | Acute Tox. 4 (Oral), Skin Irrit. 2, Eye Dam. 1, Skin Sens. 1, Aquatic Acute 1 |
| EU CLP | H302, H315, H317, H318, H400 |
| US EPA | Registered pesticide; FIFRA; tolerance exemptions for food contact |
Formaldehyde Release
DBNE is a formaldehyde-releasing preservative. In aqueous solution, it slowly hydrolyzes to release formaldehyde, which contributes to its antimicrobial activity but also raises safety considerations for certain applications.
Safe Handling and First Aid
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
| Protection | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Gloves | Nitrile, neoprene, or butyl rubber (breakthrough time > 4 hours) |
| Eye Protection | Chemical safety goggles with face shield |
| Clothing | Chemical-resistant apron, long sleeves |
| Respiratory | NIOSH-approved respirator with P100 filters if dust generated |
| Ventilation | Local exhaust ventilation or chemical fume hood |
First Aid Measures
| Exposure | Immediate Action |
|---|---|
| Skin | Remove contaminated clothing; wash with soap and water for 15–20 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists |
| Eyes | Rinse with water for at least 15–20 minutes, lifting upper and lower lids; seek immediate medical attention |
| Inhalation | Move to fresh air; if breathing difficulty, administer oxygen; seek medical attention |
| Ingestion | Do NOT induce vomiting; rinse mouth; drink water (200–300 mL) if conscious; seek immediate medical attention |
Storage and Handling
| Consideration | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Storage Temperature | Ambient (15–30°C); avoid extreme heat |
| Container | Tightly sealed, in original packaging; protect from moisture |
| Incompatibles | Strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, reducing agents, amines |
| Decomposition Products | Nitrogen oxides, hydrogen bromide, carbon oxides |
| Shelf Life | 2–3 years under proper storage conditions |
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